Central boiler plants

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CHAPTER 1. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Section I.
Introduction
Purpose
Central Boiler PlantsEquipment
Section II.Elementary Combustion Principles
Fossil Fuels
Combustion
Combustion of Coal
Combustion of Oil
Combustion of Natural Gas
Soot and Smoke
Flue Gas Analysis and Temperature
Combustion Efficiency
Boiler Efficiency.
Central Boiler Plant Efficiency
Section III.
Principles of Steam and Hot Water Generation
Basic Principles
Heat Transfer

CHAPTER 2. DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT
Boilers and Heat Exchangers
Boiler Classifications
Boiler Design Requirements
F a b r i c a t ion .
Fire Tube Boilers
Water Tube Boilers
Hot Water Generators
Economizers
Air Heaters
Boiler Accessories and Fittings
ASME Requirements
Gage Glass, Gage Cocks
Water ColumnsPressure Gage, Temperature Gage
Safety Valves
Boiler Outlet Valves
Blowoff Valves and Piping.
Fusible Plugs .
Sootblowers .
Fuel- Handling and Combustion Equipment

CHAPTER 3. OPERATION
Section I.
Preliminary Operating Procedures
Plant Operation Considerations
Standing Operating Procedures
Daily and Monthly Boiler Plant Operating Logs
Inspection
Applicable Codes
Basis for Comments
Preparation for Startup
Starting Fire
Warm-up Time .
Placing a High Pressue Steam Boiler in Service
Placing a Hot Water Boiler in Service
Section II.
Operating Adjustments and Procedures
Boiler Operation.
Maintaining Pressure or Temperature
Feedwater and Boiler Water Treatment
Controlling Feedwater
Boiler Accessories
Coal Firing Procedures
Combustion Controls
Boiler Safety Controls
Centrifugal Pumps
Direct-acting Pumps
Injectors
Fans
Feedwater Heating and Treatment
Economizer, Air Heater and Pollution Control
Secion III
Optimizing Central Plant Efficiency
Optimizing Combustion Efficiency
Optimizing Boiler Plant Efficiency
Optimizing Central Boiler Plant Efficiency

Chapter 4 Water Treatment for Boiler Plant
Section I Introduction
Objectives of water treatment
Impurities in water
Results and Reactions of Boiler Water Impurities
Controlling Impurities
Treatment Requirements
Section II Equipment and Chemicals
External Treatment Equipment
Internal Treatment
Blowdown
Section III Operation
Boiler Water Treatment Operation Log
Procurement of Standard and Special Treatment Chemicals
Care and Mixing of Treatment Chemicals
Initial Flushing and Cleaning
Flushing and Cleaning of Scaled and Corroded Boilers
Sampling
Chemical Analysis
General Operation of External Treatment Equipment
Safety Precautions
Care of Idle Steel Boilers

Chapter 5 Inspection and Preventive Maintenance
Introduction
Purpose and Scope
Types of Maintenance
Responsibility
Inspection
Housekeeping
Utilities Inspection and Service Records
Tools
Spare Parts
Special Supplies
Scheduled Preventive Maintenance
Scheduling and Use of The Information
Boilers
Economizers
Air Heaters
Water Columns
Safety Valves
Fusible Plugs
Sootblowers
Stokers
Pulverized Coal Equipment
Coal Handling Equipment
Ash Handling Equipment
Oil Burners
Oil Handling Equipment
Gas Burners .
Feedwater Drum Level Controls
Combustion Controls
Boiler Safety Controls
Instrumentation
Mechanical Collectors
Stacks
Zeolite Water Softeners
Hot Lime-Soda Softeners
Deaerating Heaters and Dearators
Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Steam Injectors
Steam Turbine (Non-Condensing)
Air Compressors
Steam Traps
Electric Motors
Forced-Draft and Induced-Draft Fans
Command Inspections
Technical Inspection
Major Army Command Inspections
REFERENCES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS PROCEDURES
External Treatment Plants
Boiler Water
Miscellaneous Tests